The Story of the R1-G4 Hand-Crafted Prototype Figure

This is the story of the R1-G4 hand-crafted, prototype figure created in late 1977, because Kenner was working on expanding their new toy line from 12 Star Wars action figure to 20. And, they were looking primarily at two categories: cantina aliens and droids.

One Kenner designer hand-crafted a prototype figure intending to depict a droid seen outside the sandcrawler as Luke and Uncle Owen purchase R2-D2 and C-3PO from the Jawas in Star Wars

The only reference available to the designer of the droid now known as R1-G4, was this photograph, which was later printed on the box of Kenner’s Radio Controlled Jawa Sandcrawler toy:

The story of the R1-G4 hand-crafted, prototype figure

 

The designer misread the photo, though, believing that the white element atop the Treadwell droid (behind C-3PO) was part of the droid he was working on. He designed the element into his prototype as an action feature: a rotating ring of tools (or possibly guns) that offered some play value for the figure. He also mistook the droid’s base as a pair of chunky legs with oversized feet, resulting in a prototype that doesn’t really look much like the droid seen onscreen.

 

 

Once Kenner realized that the droid in the film had a static base and lacked the “action” appendages, the character seemed much less appealing and was removed from consideration, leaving this little-known handmade prototype, currently in the Imperial Archives, as the only 3¾” depiction of R1-G4 until 2004, when Hasbro added the character to the Saga Collection. Even then, though, they sacrificed accuracy for play value, adding slide-out claws that (probably unconsciously) echo the action feature of this vintage prototype.

A Trip to England, Random Stop and Star Wars “Star-Badges!”

Star-Badges

Let’s take a look back to the 80’s of a story about how a trip to England, and a random stop at a petrol station, led to the discovery Star Wars “Star-Badges” and quest to complete the collection!

In the early part of 1989 I was traveling around England.  Our coach pulled into a petrol station in the little town of Moreton-in-Marsh to refuel and all the passengers disembarked to stretch their legs and stock-up on snacks for the road.  At the checkout counter, I happened to notice a familiar sight:  the Star Wars logo.  Being the late-eighties, it was not a common image to see in a retail setting since it had been several years since the last movie and there was no expectation of any new material anytime soon from that galaxy far, far away.  Always on the lookout for Star Wars merchandise, I made my way up to the counter and discovered a wire rack display with an arched cardboard backdrop touting the famous logo in red and surrounded by a semi-circle of six metal buttons (badges as they are called in the United Kingdom) featuring art of Star Wars characters and ships.  These weren’t just any badges, they were “Star-Badges!”

Star-Badges

The search for snacks was immediately forgotten as I began flipping through the carded badges hanging from the racks.  There were about eight or so badges but, sadly, only one style (Chewbacca).  I grabbed one and inquired with the cashier if I could also have the display.  A resounding “No” was the curt response.  He replied the reason being that they might get more stock later.  More stock?  From a line of badges that ended six years earlier?   Paying for my badge, I took one last look at the display before boarding the coach and continuing our journey into the mist-filled evening.  If I couldn’t have the display, at least I would have the image firmly fixed in my memories.  As the trip continued, I took the opportunity to examine more closely my new prize.  The badge was made of metal about two and a quarter inches in diameter and had unique artwork for the character in addition to a red Star Wars logo.  The badge was affixed to the cardboard backer card by skin-wrapped plastic (think shrink-wrap).  But the most interesting feature on the badge was two red lights in place of the character’s eyes.  That’s right, Star-Badges light-up!

Thus began my quest to learn more about this line and, of course, acquire a set for my collection.  The licensee, Starfire UK Ltd., a badge manufacturer out of Scotland, had the license to make these buttons in 1983.  There are 12 different badges in the line.  Six with the red Star Wars logo and 6 with the black & white rectangular Return of the Jedi logo.  The Star Wars logo group consists of C-3PO, Chewbacca, Darth Vader, R2-D2, X-Wing, and Yoda.  The more specifically Jedi-related characters emblazoned with the ROTJ logo are: Admiral Ackbar, Bib Fortuna, Gamorrean Guard, Jabba the Hutt, Imperial Shuttle, and the Heroes in their Episode VI costumes (Luke, Leia, Han, Lando). It’s interesting that the main heroes who normally feature prominently on licensed merchandise were relegated to sharing a single badge, while the background characters get a moment in the spotlight on their individual badges.

Star-Badges

All twelve buttons utilize the light-up feature in some fashion.  Most replace the eyes of the character, but in the case of starships the engine(s) light-up.  And, in one case, the barrel of a laser pistol serves as the place for the tiny bulb.  When activated, the bulbs blink rapidly in an almost hypnotic way.  Unfortunately, there is no on/off switch so I am sure the novelty wore off quite rapidly.  It is somewhat ironic that the back of the card states that the badge is “not recommended for young children” which one could argue is also the intended customer of this product.  Regardless, the line makes for a fun and colorful set that can be highly challenging to collect.  In the decades since my initial acquisition, I have managed to collect all but one of the twelve Star-Badges.  The one badge that features the group of Luke/Leia/Han/Lando continues to elude me but my patience will one day be rewarded and my set will eventually be complete.  We collectors certainly enjoy a good hunt.

Star-Badges Display

Speaking of rewarding patience, one day in 2022 I was scrolling through social media posts and did a double-take as I saw an image I had not seen in thirty-three years!  There was a photo of the wire-rack display with the arched header and six badges.  It was the same style store display I missed out on initially and now it was for sale from a fellow collecting friend of mine who lived in Europe.  After some quick negotiating I was able to add this display to my collection and transform an elusive memory into a satisfyingly tangible object.

The Millennium Falcon and…dinosaurs?

The Millennium Falcon and…dinosaurs?
The Millennium Falcon and… dinosaurs?!
The worldwide success of Star Wars opened the floodgates to relatively cheap and quick knockoff movies. In Italy especially, poster artists used elements of the original movie to populate posters for many of the knockoffs.
The Millennium Falcon and…dinosaurs?
One great example are these two Italian posters for “The Planet of Dinosaurs” featuring the Millennium Falcon, X-wing fighters and dinosaurs!
The Millennium Falcon and…dinosaurs?

Renewing The Power of the Force

Renewing The Power of the Force

Let’s discuss what went into renewing the power of the Force. You see, Kenner had a sweet deal.  In 1977, they negotiated a license with Lucasfilm to make Star Wars toys for a $100,000 advance and an ongoing 5% royalty. All they had to do to keep that deal alive—forever—was to pay Lucasfilm $10,000 per year. That was no problem at all for the first few years, as Kenner shipped over 300 million Star Wars products between 1977 and 1985. After Tonka purchased Kenner in 1987, even though they were no longer making Star Wars toys, and there were no new Star Wars movies on the horizon, Tonka believed it was still worthwhile to send Lucasfilm enough money every year to keep the contract going.

But in 1991, Hasbro purchased Tonka, and—whether by intent or accident—didn’t make the required payment, so their contract with Lucasfilm expired. And in 1992, George Lucas started letting people know that he was working on Star Wars movies again. Of course, Hasbro was interested in making the toys, but now they had to compete against other toy companies for a new license, and that meant they had to show Lucasfilm what they could do.

These kit-bashed toys, currently residing in the Imperial Archives, were made as part of Hasbro’s 1993 license pitch to Lucasfilm. They didn’t represent items that they necessarily planned to release; rather, the point was to show the types of toys they could possibly make. 

Renewing The Power of the Force

This Endor display is housed in a styrene plastic frame, with two background images mounted on foam core: a Ralph McQuarrie painting behind the Ewok treehouse, and a Return of the Jedi movie still behind the Imperial bunker. 

Renewing The Power of the Force of Star Wars

The treehouse is a heavily modified and repainted 1983 Kenner Ewok Village toy taken from Kenner’s own in-house toy museum; it was cut apart and augmented with handmade styrene elements as well as sticks, plastic plants, and bits of twine. Hasbro kept the elevator and capture net features of the vintage toy and added a new log thrower and a levitation effect for C-3PO’s chair. One of the vintage Ewok figures has been given a spring-loaded crossbow.

Renewing The Power of the Force of Star Wars

The Endor bunker is made largely of styrene, and it includes spring-loaded doors—both inner and outer pairs, just like the movie—and an “exploding” door control.

The AT-AT is a repainted vintage toy, again taken from the Kenner museum; there are a few hand-crafted improvements, most visibly the side guns. The troop loading platform is almost entirely hand-crafted from styrene, and it features a working elevator. Like the previous toys, these were originally presented with a foam core background image, but that’s not known to have survived.

Thanks in part to the presentation that featured these items, Hasbro was able to secure the license, signing a new deal on May 1, 1993. The terms were far less favorable for them this time around: their royalty rate was now 18%, meaning Hasbro’s failure to send Lucas a $10,000 check ended up costing them an additional 13 cents out of every dollar they made under this new contract and its subsequent extensions and additions—to date, that’s on tens of billions of dollars of Hasbro Star Wars toys.

Take a look at Two Kenner Star Wars Action Figures That Changed During the Design Process!

Take a look at Two Kenner Star Wars Action Figures That Changed During the Design Process!

At the Imperial Archives, one of our favorite categories is unproduced toys. This includes toys that were designed and never released, as well as toys that changed substantially during the design process. Let’s take a look at two Kenner Star Wars action figures that fall into the latter category. Each figure is represented in our collection in the form of both a preproduction drawing and an unpainted hardcopy prototype.

First up is an early “uncloaked” version of The Emperor from the vintage Return of the Jedi action figure line:

 

 

Star Wars fans who had the original Emperor action figure that was sold in stores will likely recall that the cloak was molded onto the body as part of the figure, but that wasn’t the initial plan. The hardcopy here has no cloak, and the drawing shows that it was going to be a separate molded plastic piece, similar to the cowl on the Chief Chirpa figure released in the previous wave of figures. (Contrary to what some think, this version of The Emperor was not going to have a “soft goods” cloak—the Deco Design Drawing specifies the color as “Dr. Gray” (dark grey), the same as the figure’s body. If the intent had been to offer a cloth cloak, the callout for it would instead read “Dr. Gray Fabric.” The cloak also would be drawn on the figure, not separately. See today’s second item for how soft goods are treated on these drawings.)

We don’t know for sure why the separate cloak was dropped, but it’s easy to speculate that it might have been a cost-saving move, especially given that The Emperor was initially offered free with five proofs-of-purchase from other Kenner Star Wars figures.

 

Today’s second figure is even more interesting. This early version of Luke Skywalker (Jedi Knight) from Return of the Jedi first became known to collectors more than 25 years ago when it surfaced in hardcopy prototype form. The pieces that turned up were either painted in grey primer or were completely unpainted, so nobody knew what color the figure was supposed to be. Further complicating things, a Kenner source at the time misremembered that this figure was made in the Power of the Force era at the end of the vintage toy line, leading to speculation that “Luke in Robes” wasn’t related to Jedi at all, but might have instead depicted Luke in his medical robes from the end of The Empire Strikes Back, or perhaps was even a non-movie concept.

 

A couple of years later, though, the Deco Design Drawing showed up; it clearly lists the figure as “Jedi Luke ROJ,” and is dated June 21,1982, the very same month that Deco Design Drawings were being made for the first wave of Return of the Jedi figures. (Note the drawing above for The Emperor, in the second wave, is dated November 16, 1982.) The real surprise here, though, is in the list of colors specified for the figure: instead of the black outfit Luke wears in the film, this figure is dressed in rust-colored robes with a rust-colored fabric cloak. Below, I’ve digitally colored the photo of the hardcopy with the colors specified in the drawing; fans of vintage action figures will note a strong resemblance to Kenner’s Ben (Obi-Wan) Kenobi figure from the original Star Wars.

Two Kenner Star Wars Action Figures That Changed During the Design Process

 

However, not everyone was convinced that the drawing and the hardcopy were necessarily connected. But a little while later, collector Chris Fawcett noticed that a photograph in a 1983 catalog from Meccano—the company who sold Kenner’s action figure line in France—included several prototype Return of the Jedi figures, including a Luke in rust-colored robes that matches the hardcopy!

So this solved one mystery—the mysterious “Luke in Robes” hardcopy is definitely the same rust-colored version of Luke that was briefly in the works for the launch of the Return of the Jedi action figure line. But there’s still one mystery to answer: Why, in June 1982—a full month after principal photography had wrapped on Return of the Jedi—did Kenner appear to believe that Luke’s new Jedi outfit looked like Obi-Wan’s robes from A New Hope?

A Little-Known Handheld Return of the Jedi Video Game from 1983

Each of the four founding collections of The Saga Museum includes many prototypes of unproduced toys. Here’s a unique one from the Imperial Archives—a little-known handheld Return of the Jedi video game from 1983.

a little-known handheld Return of the Jedi video game from 1983.

At the start of the 1980s, Parker Brothers was a major player in the young handheld video game market. Their Merlin game, launched in 1978, sold 2.2 million units in 1980, making it the single best selling toy or game in the United States that year. Two years later, Parker’s Atari 2600 console adaptation of Konami’s arcade hit Frogger outsold even Merlin, but they were shut out of the handheld market for that title when those rights were licensed to competitor Coleco instead. Their adaptation of The Empire Strikes Back was also limited to consoles.

For 1983, Parker Brothers intended to capture both parts of the electronic revenue stream with two new games planned to have both console and handheld versions: Q*Bert and Return of the Jedi: The Ewok Adventure. While they successfully released Q*Bert as a handheld game and for multiple computer systems and consoles (including ColecoVision), The Ewok Adventure never made to market. Apparently, Parker Brothers and the game’s designer couldn’t agree on the controller scheme for the Atari 2600 version of the game, so the whole project was cancelled. A prototype cartridge of the Atari game was awarded “Rarest Star Wars Video game” in 2015 by Guinness World Records.

A page from Parker Brothers’ 1983 catalog

This handheld prototype is equally rare. In this context, the word “handheld” is deeply misleading, as this fully functional prototype stands 43 inches high, 29 inches wide, and 40 inches deep. (The video below will give you an idea of the scale.) I’m told it was on display at Parker Brothers’ 1983 Toy Fair trade exhibition, where it was used to encourage toy distributors to order the finished product.

a little-known handheld Return of the Jedi video game from 1983.

 

Gameplay is unusual (and, without instructions, took me a while to figure out). You move the Ewok left and right across a tree branch at the top of the screen while, at the bottom, two AT-STs patrol back and forth. One of the walkers is an enemy shooting up at you; the other is manned by Chewbacca (appearing as a yellow shape at the top of the AT-ST). Chewie throws rocks up to you, which you catch and toss back down at the enemy walker. Once you’ve hit the required number of enemies in each level, you coast down to the ground on an Ewok glider, still trying to avoid fire from the enemy AT-ST, and also trying to avoid the edges of the playfield. Whenever you do something wrong—such as getting shot, hitting Chewbacca, or when your glider hits an edge—a scout trooper advances up the tree trunk at the right side of the screen; when he reaches the top, your game is over.. As you advance through levels, the game gets faster, and the number of AT-STs you have to defeat is increased.

Game sounds are simple beeps and tones consistent with similar products of that era, and gameplay is on par with the average handheld of the time. (I think it’s moderately fun, but it lacks the diversity of Merlin or the addictive gameplay of Mattel Electronics’ classic 1977 Football.)

Vintage Food Collectors Have Discovered A Lot From Star Wars Food Ads!

Vintage food collectors will often comment on the extreme scarcity of Star Wars food packaging that they’re able to find years later. While many saved highly-publicized Star Wars food premiums that were advertised with purchase of food items, few thought to save the actual packaging. As a result, there are still to this day many rare, one-of-a-kind, and unknown-to-still-exist Star Wars food items. As collectors, one way we are able to learn what was made is through these ads in magazines, newspapers, and comics from the period. 

KP Outer Spacers was a corned-based snack food which the British call “crisps” and Americans correctly call “chips”. These snacks were shaped like spaceships, so it was well suited as a Star Wars promotion. This started in early 1978 shortly after the release of Star Wars in the United Kingdom and offered a mail away Star Wars “Fighter Kite”, made by the British toy company, Palitoy. The offer required kids to send in 3 wrappers and 95p to receive a kite, reducing the number of intact bags saved to this day. The promotion appeared on three different flavors of KP Outer Spacers: beef burger, chutney, and pickled onion.

The KP Outer Spacers promotion was advertised in various Star Wars comics such as the March 4, 1989 issue of 2000AD (a British science fiction comic) and in the Marvel Star Wars Weekly comic from February 29, 1978. Marvel’s Star Wars comic, which was monthly series in the United States, was published in a weekly series in Britain.

Star Wars Food Ads

KP Outer Spacers bags are next to impossible to find, but here’s an example of a bag of chutney flavoured [sic] chips with the Star Wars Fighter Kite offer details. This is also a rare example of a food promotion where even the premium is super difficult to come by!

Nabisco launched the first cereal promotion in Britain on boxes of Shreddies cereal. In this case, the premium is the packaging, as each box contained a small sheet of Letraset stickers of Star Wars characters that could be affixed onto the back of 4 different Star Wars scenes on the box backs.

The Shreddies offer was promoted in various UK comics such as the June 17, 1978 issue of Tiger and the May 24, 1978 issue of Star Wars Weekly. 

The Shreddies offer appeared on 10 ounce and 15 ounce boxes of Shreddies cereal, so with 4 different scenes on the box backs, there are 8 different Shreddies Star Wars boxes to collect!

Coca Cola ran a massive campaign in Japan for the release of the first Star Wars film. Jonathan McElwain wrote an extensive blog article on the Star Wars Coca Cola promotion in Japan that I’d highly recommend to anyone wanting to learn more about this fascinating Coca Cola promotion. One of the places where this was advertised was in the July 2, 1978 issue of Weekly Shōnen, a weekly manga comic that is popular in Japan.

Star Wars Food Ads

Each Coca Cola product brand (Coca Cola, Fanta Orange, Fanta Grape, Fanta Apple, Sprite, Fanta Club Soda, and Fanta Golden Grape) had 50 different bottle caps. Bottles were also sold in six packs with two different six pack trays: one with C-3PO, Luke Skywalker, and Ben Kenobi, and another with the Escape pod.

Some American Star Wars collectors might be surprised to learn that there was a Nestlé’s Quik Star Wars food tie-in. Well, not exactly. Nestlé, which offered Star Wars jewelry mail away premiums on wrappers of their candy bars, also did a newspaper campaign for Kenner toys, which included the Star Wars large size action figures and the X-Wing and TIE Fighter vehicles. Unlike other Quik food promotions, as far as I know, this promotion never reached the actual Quik cans, but here is an image of a similar Quik can for a toy promotion from 13 years earlier for a British boy band using a can label design that has remained largely unchanged over those years.

Kraft brought Letraset stickers back for The Empire Strikes Back in a Dairylea cheese promotion in the United Kingdom. There were four different Dairylea cheese spread boxes, each containing a different black and white Star Wars scene on the back of the container. Kids could find a small sheet of Letraset stickers inside the box that could be used to add characters and objects to the scene. This was advertised in the Marvel adaptation for The Empire Strikes Back in the Star Wars Weekly issue for May 29, 1980. Kids could also mail away for an Empire Strikes Back “bumper transfer pack” that contained additional Letraset stickers. This Marvel issue also included a small Letraset sheet for this Kraft Dairylea series.

Kraft would later go on to do another Dairylea cheese promotion for the Droids and Ewoks cartoons in the mid 1980s with different characters appearing on cheese wedges.

For Return of the Jedi, Amora offered Star Wars glasses in jars of Dijon mustard in France. This promotion was advertised in the Franco-Belgian comic, Spirou. 

 

There were four different Star Wars glasses to collect: Chewbacca and Ewok, “Dark Vador” and Troopers, “Luc” and Dark Vader, and Luc and Yoda.

The Hi-C promotion for Return of the Jedi included a mail away offer for Return of the Jedi t-shirts and caps. This was advertised in newspapers and directly on drink labels. Kids could send 3 quality seal labels from any Hi-C drink plus $3.99 or $3.25 for the t-shirt or hat, respectively.

Labels and intact Hi-C cans are surprisingly difficult to track down. Even though the small rectangular quality seal was the only portion of the label that needed to mailed in, even partial labels were not often saved.  This Return of the Jedi promotion appeared on 11 different flavors of Hi-C drinks. Looking at the three labels above, only the orange and grape drinks state “All Natural Flavors”, which tells you everything you need to know about Fruit Punch.

Possibly the most obscure food promotion from the vintage years was conducted by Doriana in Argentina. Over many years, Doriana has created collectible margarine containers for popular comic characters, superheroes, Disney characters, sports figures, and more. The concept is illustrated in this ad where kids are encouraged to cut out the character on the container lid along with a small plastic strip underneath it to make a stand. Needless to say, this tended to cause many of the container lids to be destroyed.

Here are two examples of fully intact Doriana margarine lids for “Wicket the Ewok” and “Imperial Scout”. The Imperial Scout (or Biker Scout) also includes the original Doriana margarine container. 

One of the last Return of the Jedi food promotions occurred in Finland from 1984-1985 for Star Wars themed licorice and fruit candy, as indicated by the dates of these comic book covers. The back covers of these comics had full color ads where kids could mail away for 1 of 5 different flavors of these Star Wars candy boxes.

 

Here’s an example of one of the Halva licorice boxes. All the candy boxes featured Darth Vader on the front with 9 different images of Star Wars characters and spaceship card art on the back.

One of the most elusive food promos occurred in Sweden in 1984 for Hemglass ice cream. Hemglass “Star Mint” and “Big Star” popsicles could be bought from local ice cream vendors driving around the neighborhood in Hemglass trucks as depicted in the lower right hand corner of this ad in an issue of “The Phantom” comic. To date, I have never found nor have seen any packaging related to this food promotion, so it’s fair to call it a Phantom menace.

A little known cereal tie-in in 1985 appeared on covers of the Marvel’s Return of the Jedi weekly comic in the UK. As was standard in the day, toy premiums would occasionally get attached to the covers of these comics, literally taped onto the front. Two of the promotions were for Kellogg’s Corn Flakes, one in March 1985 for dinosaur 3D cards, and another in August 1985 for plastic plane models. Obviously, these premiums had nothing to do with Star Wars, but their placement on the Return of the Jedi made them canon! 

 

The Colorful World of Keshigomu Star Wars Part 4!

Welcome to the fourth, and final, installment of a colorful look at Star Wars Japanese Erasers, Keshigomu (Keshi for short).  When last we met, we learned about the Takara line of characters and vehicles.  But there were actually more Takara keshi. An entire other line that are some of the rarest, biggest, and most unique!

 This “Jumbo” line consists of an interesting mix of larger versions of some of the previously discussed characters  and vehicles, different sculpts of other characters, and even characters that are not available in any other eraser form.  As stated before, the term Jumbo is relative.  These erasers are about twenty-five percent taller than their counterparts in the regular line, with most being up to 2.25 inches tall.  It is most likely that these were released in larger versions of the capsule machines.  I am sure many Japanese collectors have first-hand knowledge of how they were distributed but I have not confirmed my hypothesis yet.  Regardless, they are among the rarest Japanese items from Star Wars and seldom come up for sale.  Compound this with the array of colors (opaque and translucent) each came in, and you have a nearly impossible chance of completing this set.  If you only focus on one character or vehicle, you have a decent chance but still challenging.

There are thirteen jumbo characters and vehicles from Takara.  Over half of them are nearly identical to the smaller versions.  They are C-3PO, Jawa, Millennium Falcon, R2-D2, Stormtrooper, Tusken Raider, and X-Wing.  The ones that have noticeably different sculpts are Chewbacca, Darth Vader, and Landspeeder.  And, finally, the ones that are not available in other keshi lines are Bantha with Tusken Raider rider, Dewback with Sandtrooper rider, and R5-D4.  It’s interesting to note that since Japan did not have the Kenner Dewback or R5-D4 action figure and there was not a Bantha for the original toy line, these three jumbo erasers represent the only dimensional versions of those characters available in Japan during the release of the first film.

The last major area of Star Wars keshi are the unlicensed ones. Collectors often refer to them as “bootlegs” but that is a misnomer since they are not fake versions of existing items but rather merchandise created without a license to do so.  Just like other unlicensed items, these erasers run the gamut from clear rip-off identical representations to similar/vaguely looking characters but with plausible deniability that they are not meant to be Star Wars items.  Often they are promoted as “Space Warriors” or some other safe-from-copyright-infringement name. Among Star Wars collectors, there is no consensus as to which of these “inspired by” creations get included in collections and which are too removed in appearance to be considered a Star Wars collectible.  For example, some will collect all domed-robots as R2 units and others will say that once you add facial features or appendages such as hands or bipedal legs it no longer is similar enough to R2-D2 to count.  Hence, there can never be a definitive list of these unlicensed keshi; everyone draws the line at different spots.  So, I will just include a photo of some of the ones I have collected.  As usual, these are found in a rainbow of colors.

Now that we are at an end of our rather lengthy treatise on Japanese erasers (probably much longer than you would have guessed even possible), you might have noticed an interesting fact.  Every eraser discussed has been from the original release of the first Star Wars film in 1978!  That’s right, as prolific as it was then, by Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, there was no one making keshi for either of those two movies.  Fast forward to the reawakening of Star Wars saga merchandise in the 1990s, there was still no keshi.  During the tsunami of Episode 1 products where seemingly everything under the sun had a Star Wars label slapped on it, keshi were noticeably absent.  Throughout the rest of the prequels and even the animated runs of The Clone Wars and Rebels, you guessed it…still no keshi.  It was not until 2015, with the release of The Force Awakens, that keshigomu were once again part of the Star Wars portfolio in Japan.  A company names Sun Star Stationery created two lines sold in blind boxes.  One line for Episode VII and one spanning the first six films.  Since then, there have been some others including an interesting set of keshi sold in mini-metal lunch boxes for The Mandalorian.  Hopefully this trend will continue so future generations of Japanese school children will have the benefit of going to school ready to play (I mean correct written mistakes) with erasers that are definitely not toys.

 

Check out the Colorful World of Keshigomu Parts 1, 2 and 3!

The Importance of Stuart Freeborn’s Yoda Archive

The Importance of Stuart Freeborn's Yoda Archive

Usually, when I write about items from the Imperial Archives, I’ll focus on items that you will hopefully one day be able to see at The Saga Museum of Star Wars Memorabilia, but this time, I’m going to include a couple of important items that probably won’t ever go on public display there. I am including these items, because of the significance of Stuart Freeborn’s Yoda Archive.

I first learned about Stuart Freeborn when I was in elementary school, reading about the making of each Star Wars movie. His credits on Star Wars and Return of the Jedi—“makeup supervisor” and “makeup designer,” respectively—are fairly unassuming; only his title on The Empire Strikes Back—“makeup and special creature designer,” really offers a clue of the major role that he really played. Stuart was responsible for bringing to life truly fantastic characters including Chewbacca, Jabba the Hutt, the Ewoks, and most notably, Yoda.

Many years ago, as Stuart was nearing the end of his life, he wanted to make sure that key materials from his production archive would be saved for posterity, so he made arrangements to find people who would appreciate and preserve these items. Lisa and I were honored to become the home for Stuart’s Yoda archive.

This consisted of everything Stuart could find that related to the creation of Yoda, from piles of tiny screws used in the mechanisms inside the puppet’s head to random bits of plaster; from design sketches to screen-used pieces. Here are some of the highlights:

These are excerpts from a spiral bound notebook Stuart dedicated mostly to the creation of the Yoda puppet (though there are also a couple of notes on Chewbacca). The sketches show how the puppet head was designed in layers surrounding a space for the puppeteer’s hand.

 

These are plaster components that correspond to the layers shown in the sketch, as well as a fiberglass mold for the “plunger,” the main inner structure.

 

These are molds and pieces related to Yoda’s hands, nails, lips, and ears.

 

 

This is a set of Polaroids showing a mechanism for controlling Yoda’s eyes, accompanied by a variety of eyes and potential mechanisms for moving them.

 

 

These are parts of a “Yoda Stand-In,” a static figure that could be used to set up lighting and arrange camera shots without requiring a puppeteer to hold up the puppet. (The figure on the right is displayed in the original prop backpack that Luke uses to carry Yoda in during The Empire Strikes Back, which we acquired separately.)

 

 

In the first photo, the head on the far left is a preproduction prototype; the heads on the right are the only two Yoda puppet heads that appear on screen in The Empire Strikes Back. The heads were made from foam latex, which desiccates, shrinks, and eventually disintegrates over time; new heads were made for Return of the Jedi. The photo on the right shows a harder “biscuit foam” head, which may be the best surviving original three-dimensional representation of what Yoda actually looked like in 1980.

The bad news is that the condition of the original heads makes them unsuitable for museum display. The good news is that, between the molds and the biscuit-foam head, we have the most significant components from the Yoda Archive needed to construct the most realistic possible replica of the original Yoda puppet.  

Propstore’s Brandon Allinger connected with Stuart Freeborn’s assistant Nick Maley, who molded the original latex parts for Yoda for both The Empire Strikes Back and Return of the Jedi, to create this replica, which we do hope will one day be on display at The Saga Museum. (Museums regularly display replicas of fragile items in order to conserve the originals for posterity.)

 

This is a working puppet, complete with mechanisms to open and close the eyes and to move the eyes and ears, the same way they were done in the original films. The first time I saw the finished puppet, Nick was operating it, and it genuinely felt like Yoda was really alive, right there in front of me. As soon as he took his arm out of the puppet, the life was gone; it’s something you’d have to see to believe. 

And I hope that one day you will.

If you’d like to learn more about Nick Maley, please visit http://nickmaley.com/.

The Return of the Force, Part 5: Endings Are Beginnings

Return of the Force Part 5

The Return of the Force, Part 5: Endings Are Beginnings

This post is the fifth in a series that showcases Star Wars art by Native artists that were included in a recent exhibition entitled The Return of the Force at the Tempe Center for the Arts in Tempe, Arizona. These stories were provided by artist and curator Duane Koyawena (Hopi/Tewa), and Samantha Honanie (Hopi/Diné), volunteer consultant and librarian at the Museum of Northern Arizona in Flagstaff.

Ryan Singer, Diné

 

Rich: We’ve got a few more pieces here, so let’s talk about these other Ryan Singer pieces. Ryan’s work also appears in Part 2.

Sam: Yeah, that piece is in the collection of Tony Thibodeau. It was featured in the first Return of the Force exhibition in Durango, Colorado, and at the museum in Flagstaff. We typically don’t add pieces after an exhibit is already upland running, but the exhibit coincided with the launch of The Mandalorian, and after people saw the character of Grogu, who was unnamed at that point, they really fell in love with the character so this piece was added to the previous exhibition. 

Keith W. Smith, Jr., Diné

Shi Awe’e Grogu
Keith W. Smith, Jr., Diné
Acrylic on canvas

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Duane: This piece here is by Keith Smith, Navajo / Diné, one of my favorite painters and a huge Star Wars fan. If you could see all his Star Wars paintings; I mean this guy is just amazing.I love the Navajo women in their shawls and jewelry – so cool! 

Mavasta Honyouti, Hopi

 

Rich: And then we’ve got these wood carvings by Mavasta Honyouti.

Duane: A master carver, Mavasta is a Hopi artist who is also a big Star Wars fan, and we’re very fortunate to be able to include his work in the exhibit. We are showing two pieces that he carved in cottonwood root. On the left is a small wooden plaque featuring a view of the two suns on Tatooine, and on the right, we have a bow guard with a carving of a Mandalorian, similar to the pieces we saw previously from Pat Pruitt. These pieces are also from the Charles King collection.

Jonah Hill, Hopi-Quechan

Grogu’ hoya Bolo Tie
Jonah Hill, Hopi-Quechan
Tufa cast sterling silver
Grogu’ hoya Ring
Jonah Hill, Hopi-Quechan
Tufa cast sterling silver
Grogu’ hoya Pin
Jonah Hill, Hopi-Quechan
Tufa cast sterling silver

Rich: Who created this silver work?

Sam: Jonah Hill is a Hopi-Quechan silversmith who typically utilizes the tufa cast style, which creates the texture we see on these pieces here. He features The Child again, wrapped in a blanket of stars, as well as a Mandalorian helmet highlighted with native symbols.You can also see how he would traditionally set a piece of jewelry like a bolo tie, with the braided leather and the end pieces. If you look closely at the lightsabers on the end pieces, you can see Jonah’s ability to capture really fine details in his work.

Dwayne Manuel, On’k Akimel O’odham (Salt River People)

 

Rich: It looks like the next three pieces are part of a series by Dwayne Manuel.

Duane: Dwayne’s work provides insight into his perspective and some elements from his O’odham culture, but what’s really fascinating are the subjects that he’s chosen to feature. Generally, a lot of artists place an emphasis on characters like the Jedi and Grogu, but Dwayne really took it to the next level by featuring Darth Maul and the evil characters that are part of the dark side. 

As a Phoenix-based educator and advocate for his people, Dwayne tries to create awareness of the continued struggle his people experience as they have to fight for resources, their traditional homelands, and the kinds of things that go along with that. He highlights that in a lot of his art but you can also see the use of traditional native symbolism, including feathers and the devil’s claw plant. The way he blends art and advocacy is very interesting. He’s into metal music too, so you can see that in his work as well.

Darby Raymond-Overstreet, Diné

Redemption
Darby Raymond-Overstreet, Diné
Digital artwork

According to the description at the exhibition, Darby describes her interest in Star Wars. “As a child, the Star Wars films captivated my imagination and inspired me to draw. There were aliens and monsters, robots and spaceships, heroes and villains and powers beyond this world. There was also something familiar in the landscapes and places. 

Today, I’m interested in parallels between the Star Wars storyline and the American Indian Experience. From a Native perspective, it’s easy to see the evil empire mirroring the colonizing forces of North America. Characters like Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader and Kylo Ren interest me because of their personal battles with anger, hate and suffering [that] become the source of evil perpetuated through the galaxy. Through overcoming these inner demons, balance and order can be restored.” 

This concludes our series on The Return of the Force exhibition, but as the title of Part 5 suggests, endings are often just beginnings….

Catch up with Return of the Force Part 1, Part 2, Part 3 and Part 4